The Neuroscience of Depression: Genetics, Cell Biology, Neurology, Behaviour and Diet is a comprehensive reference to the aspects, features and effects of depression. This book provides readers with the behavior and psychopathological effects of depression, linking anxiety, anger and PSTD to depression. Readers are provided with a detailed outline of the genetic aspects of depression including synaptic genes and the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of depression, followed by a thorough analysis of the neurological and imaging techniques used to study depression. This book also includes three full sections on the various effects of depression, including diet, nutrition and molecular and cellular effects. The Neuroscience of Depression: Genetics, Cell Biology, Neurology, Behaviour and Diet is the only resource for researchers and practitioners studying depression.

Handbook of Cannabis and Related Pathologies: Biology, Pharmacology, Diagnosis, and Treatment is the first book to take an interdisciplinary approach to the understanding of cannabis use and misuse. Recent worldwide trends toward decriminalizing marijuana for medical use have increased legal use of the drug and recreational use remains high, making cannabis one of the most commonly used drugs. Cannabis has a wide range of adverse neurological effects, and use and abuse can lead to physical, social, and psychopathological issues that are multifarious and complex. Effective understanding and treatment requires knowledge of the drug's effects from across scientific disciplines. This book provides an overview of the biological and pharmacological components of the cannabis plant, outlines its neurological, social, and psychopathological effects, assists in the diagnosis and screening for use and dependency, and aids researchers in developing effective treatments for cannabis-related issues and disorders. Fully illustrated, with contributions from internationally recognized experts, it is the go-to resource for neuroscientists, pharmacologists, pathologists, public-health workers, and any other researcher who needs an in-depth and cross-disciplinary understanding of cannabis and its effects.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury will improve readers' understanding of the complexities of diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injuries. Featuring chapters on drug delivery, different treatments, and rehabilitation, this volume discusses in detail the impact early diagnosis and effective management has on the long-term prognosis of these injuries and the lives of those affected. This book will be relevant for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand these injuries. Traumatic brain injury has complex etiology and may arise as a consequence of physical abuse, violence, war, vehicle collisions, working in the construction industry, and sports. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury will improve readers' understanding of the detailed processes arising from traumatic brain injury. Featuring chapters on neuroinflammation, metabolism, and psychology, this volume discusses the impact of these injuries on neurological and body systems to better understand underlying pathways. This book will be relevant for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand traumatic brain injury.

The Neuroscience of Dementia brings together different fields of dementia research into a single book, covering a wide range of subjects, including Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, mixed dementia, vascular dementia, physical activity, risk factors, mortality, biomarkers, SPECT, CT, MRI, questionnaires, nutrition, sleep, delirium, hearing loss, agitation, aggression, delusions, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, psychosis, senile plaques, tau and amyloid-beta, neuroinflammation, molecular biology, and more. This foundational, comprehensive book compiles the latest understanding on all forms of dementia and their common features in a single source. It is an invaluable resource for neuroscientists, neurologists, and anyone in the field.

Including the latest reviews of the most current issues related to food and nutrition toxicity, Reviews in Food and Nutrition Toxicity, Volume 3 distills a wide range of research on food safety and food technology. Put together by a strong team with a wealth of broad experience, the continuation of this important new series includes contributions from the fields of medicine, public health, and environmental science. Topics covered in Volume Three include: MEG-related toxic, pathological, and etiological findings in the liver, stomach, blood, testes/uterus, kidneys, peritoneum, and skin Current information on pharmacokinetic and toxicodynamic aspects of methyl mercury toxicity The limits set by various agencies for, and the possible effects of, exposure to Uranium via ingestion and inhalation Evidence that nutrition can modify PCB toxicity and its implications in numerous age-related diseases The most recent findings on oxysterols' toxic and pro-atherosclerotic effects and the use of antioxidants supplements to prevent their generation in foods Examples of published safety data, drug interactions, and problems with formulated products Potential dangers and benefits of genetically modified foods, moral and ethical issues, and benefit risk ratios Emerging issues in food contamination, recently-discovered contaminants, the increased use of genetically engineered crops, and their effects on children New views on the onset of celiac disease, its symptoms outside the gastrointestinal tract, and its diagnosis and management A timely compilation, the book sheds light on the most important issues in food safety today. It is a valuable resource for anyone involved in the food industry or academics researching food science and food technology.

The first 90 years of vitamin E research has produced prolific and notable discoveries, but until the last few decades, attention has been given mostly to the biological activities and underlying mechanisms of alpha-tocopherol, which we now know is one of more than eight vitamin E isomers. Currently, the non-tocopherol vitamin E molecule tocotrienol has reached a new measure of research height: more than one-third of all vitamin E tocotrienol research of the last 30 years has been published since 2009. The thriving field of tocotrienol research gives ground for publication of Tocotrienols: Vitamin E Beyond Tocopherols, Second Edition, a compilation of the latest tocotrienol research in all new chapters. Highlights Established research, including prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and cancer Emergent research, including angiogenesis, bioavailability, bone health, gastric injury, inflammation, life extension, and skin health Tocopherol interference with tocotrienol functions All new chapters and many new contributors Recognized as potent antioxidants, tocotrienols play a role in cholesterol reduction, tumor suppression, reversal of arteriosclerosis, and protection of the heart against oxidative stress. Compiling contributions from leading researchers, this book overviews tocotrienols, and examines their sources, chemistry, and mechanisms of action. Contributors discuss the role of tocotrienols in the treatment and prevention of cancer and in cardiovascular health, diabetes, and other hormone regulation by tocotrienols. In addition, the book addresses animal and in vitro as well as mechanistic and pre-clinical studies. Dr. Tan discusses the benefits of tocotrienol in a YouTube video.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury will enhance readers' understanding of the complexities of the diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries. Featuring chapters on drug delivery, exercise, and rehabilitation, this volume discusses in detail the impact of the clinical features, diagnosis, management, and long-term prognosis of spinal cord injuries on the lives of those affected. The book has applicability for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand spinal cord injuries. Spinal injury affects about 10 million people annually worldwide, impacting on the family unit and causing lifelong disabilities, with varied symptoms including paresthesia, spasticity, loss of motor control, and often severe pain. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury will enhance readers' understanding of the biological and psychological effects of spinal cord injury. Featuring chapters on gene expression, metabolic effects, and behavior, this volume discusses in detail the impact of spinal cord injury to better understand the underlying pathways and processes. The book has applicability for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand these injuries.

Stem cells potentially offer a novel therapeutic platform to treat bone disease. They also help the scientist understand the molecular and cellular aetiology of bone disorders. Gaining knowledge on the nature and application of stem cell sciences is a prerequisite for understanding their potential in treating or preventing bone disorders. Stem Cells and Bone Tissue is designed to address these areas in three sections: Introductory Text and Sources of Stem Cells for Skeletal Tissue Cellular and Molecular Aspects Conditions, Applications, Treatments and Repairs Coverage includes general aspects of stems cells, sources of stems cells, isolation and purification, applications in regeneration, nanoscale topography, myostatin (GDF-8) signalling, c-Jun, Lnk, cell-derived Factor 1/CXCR4, chromatin remodelling, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, hypophosphatasia, osteopetrosis, osteogenesis, and many other areas of merit too numerous to mention.

Understanding the importance and application of biosensors is complicated by the diverse range of methods and application and some existing text is somewhat technical in nature with little consideration to the novice. This book disseminates information on biosensors in a readable way by having unique sections for the novice and expert alike. Each chapter has an abstract, key facts, applications to other areas of health and disease, a "mini-dictionary" of key terms and summary points. In addition, the book covers optical imaging, surface plasmon resonance, microcantilevers, electrochemistry, aptamers, fluorescence, electrochemistry, nanobiosensors and nanowires.

Reviews in Food and Nutrition Toxicity, Volume 4 includes the most recent reviews of current issues involved in the toxicity of food and nutrients. With contributors from the fields of medicine, public health, and environmental science, the continuation of this series distills a broad range of research on food safety and food technology. Volume Four discusses: The extent to which postnatal metal exposure through breastfeeding can impair an infant's health Selenium bioavailability and metabolism, effects of selenium exposure, and mechanisms of selenium toxicity The fate of toxic and nontoxic arsenic compounds in the human body upon ingestion The biological role of sulfur, sulfur metabolism, deficiencies, and toxicity The effects on fluoride on teeth, bones, kidneys, arteries, hormones, the brain, and the reproductive system Food-borne disease outbreaks, microbial quality and risk assessment of food-borne microorganisms in ready to eat foods Effect of T-2 toxin on DNA and chromosomes, circulatory system, skin, reproductive system, liver and spleen, gastrointestinal tract, brain and neurotransmitters, and more Investigation of the interference of AFB1 with molecular components of cell cycle checkpoints Analyzes cycad consumption and its effects on the neurological systems and its manifestations; describes bio-chemical changes and morphological or pathological outcomes through time in detail Lectins in the human diet, toxicity and biological effects, immunomodulatory effects, modulation of immune function by dietary lectins in disease This is a valuable resource for anyone involved in the food industry or academics researching food science and food technology.

The cytokines are a group of peptides secreted by cells of the immune system such as macrophages, lymphocytes and T cells. The term cytokine is however simplistic and in fact they can be divided into functional families and have wide ranging effects from cells and molecular pathways to the whole individual. Written by distinguished scholars and experts, this book is a holistic knowledge-base to enable scientists and doctors to understand cytokines in specific or broad detail.

The adipokines (also called adipocytokines), are a group of peptides secreted by adipose tissue. They have diverse roles, from the cell to the whole body. The book is designed for health scientists, doctors, physiologists, immunologists, biochemists, college and university teachers and lecturers, undergraduates and graduates. The chapters are written either by experts or specialists in their field.

Targeting the key active elements in the mechanism and application of apoptosis and its therapeutic implications, Apoptosis: Modern Insights into Disease from Molecules to Man covers apoptosis from A to Z. Comprehensive in scope, it explores a wide range of topics including various cancers, asthma, and multiple sclerosis as well as alcohol induced liver disease, chronic back pain, and cardiovascular health. With 40 chapters written by highly respected authorities, this single source reference provides researchers and scientists with the foundation they need.

This book covers the structure and classification of adhesion molecules, immunohistochemical localization, junctional, functional and inflammatory adhesion molecules and molecular imaging. It discusses adhesion molecules in relation to signaling pathways, gene expression, arginine, stem cells, neutrophil migration, leukocytes decompression sickness, ischemia reperfusion injury, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, weight loss, hypoxia, kidney disease, smoking, osteoprotegerin, tumors, bioinformatics, high-throughput technologies, chemotherapy, hematopoiesis, lipoproteins, fatty acids, atrial fibrillation and heart disease, and the brain and dementia.

Over the past decade, much has been learned about the damaging effects of moderate to severe alcohol use has on tissue nutrient levels and dietary intake. Summarising current research, Nutrition and Alcohol explores the latest data available on the effects of alcohol on the nutritional state of alcohol abusers. It illustrates the combined effects of malnutrition on tissue damage and examines the role of altered nutrition on various alcohol-related diseases. The authors discuss alcohol's effects on nutrient intake and explain the action of nutrients in preventing and treating alcohol-related diseases.

The nanosciences are a rapidly expanding field of research with a wide applicability to all areas of health. They encompass a variety of technologies ranging from particles to networks and nanostructures. This book focuses on the application of nanomedicine and nanotechnology to cancer. It covers an introduction to nanocarriers, nanorods, nanoprobes nanoplatforms, nanorings, nanotubes nanowires, nano-sensor arrays and a variety of methodological techniques. This is done within the framework of numerous cancer types. Contributors are all leading experts and are carrying out ground breaking work. The book is essential reading for oncologists, research scientists, doctors, health care professionals, pathologists, biologists, biochemists, chemists and physicists as well as those interested in disease and nanosciences or cancer in general.

Well-illustrated throughout and with in-depth analyses, Nutrition, Diet Therapy, and the Liver provides a holistic understanding of the causative elements that precipitate liver disease and the nutritional factors and regimens that reverse deteriorating hepatic function. This up-to-date resource also incorporates emerging fields of science and significant discoveries. With contributions from leading experts of international repute in their respective fields, the book first emphasizes the important role nutrition plays not only in the prevention of liver disease but also in the reversal of liver dysfunction. The second section covers various aspects of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as the consequent steatohepatitis that encompasses the whole spectrum of triglyceride accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and end-stage cirrhosis of the liver. The book then focuses on the mounting evidence in support of alcohol abuse, hepatitis viruses, and immune diseases as key predisposing factors in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas. The final section evaluates the importance of nutrition in the treatment of liver diseases in infants versus adults, including recovery after liver transplantation.

This book covers the structure and classification of adhesion molecules, immunohistochemical localization, junctional, functional and inflammatory adhesion molecules and molecular imaging. It discusses adhesion molecules in relation to signaling pathways, gene expression, arginine, stem cells, neutrophil migration, leukocytes decompression sickness, ischemia reperfusion injury, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, weight loss, hypoxia, kidney disease, smoking, osteoprotegerin, tumors, bioinformatics, high-throughput technologies, chemotherapy, hematopoiesis, lipoproteins, fatty acids, atrial fibrillation and heart disease, and the brain and dementia.

The adipokines (also called adipocytokines), are a group of peptides secreted by adipose tissue. They have diverse roles, from the cell to the whole body. The book is designed for health scientists, doctors, physiologists, immunologists, biochemists, college and university teachers and lecturers, undergraduates and graduates. The chapters are written either by experts or specialists in their field.

Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and Endocannabinoids offers a comprehensive reference on natural and synthetic cannabinoids, providing coverage on both adverse and non-adverse effects, including reactivity to pain, changes in behavior and neuroactivity. This volume updates on research on the effects of these compounds in brain function and neurological dysfunction, offering readers a comprehensive reference on medical usage and the symptom relief provided by these compounds. With coverage of neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and a wide range of other afflictions, including depression, anxiety, nausea and cancer, this broad coverage expounds on the physiological, psychological and pharmacological effects of these compounds. Unique case reports are also provided, creating a platform for research on the use of these compounds in improving patient care, brain function and neurological dysfunction. As the endocannabinoid system has been implicated in various neurological conditions, this book is a welcomed resource on the topics presented.

Handbook of Nutrition and Diet in Palliative Care, Second Edition, is a comprehensive guide, providing exhaustive information on nutrition and diet in terminal and palliative care. It covers physical, cultural and ethical aspects, bridging the intellectual divide in being suitable for novices and experts alike. Following in the tradition of its predecessor, chapters contain practical methods, techniques, and guidelines along with a section on applications to other areas of palliative care. Each chapter features key facts highlighting important areas, summary points, and ethical issues. FEATURES * Use of cannabinoids in palliative nutrition care * Pain control in palliative care * Communications in palliative/end-of-life care: aspects of bad news * Anorexia in cancer: appetite, physiology, and beyond * Palliative care in severe and enduring eating disorders * Linking food supplementation and palliative care in HIV * Eating-related distress in terminally ill cancer patients and their family members * Palliative care of gastroparesis * Preoperative nutrition assessment and optimization in the cancer patient * Childhood leukemia, malnutrition, and mortality as components of palliative care * End-of-life decisions in persons with neurodevelopmental disorders * Resources: listing web sites, journals, books and organizations

Olives and Olive Oil in Health and Disease Prevention, Second Edition expands the last releases content and coverage, including new sections on materials in packaging, the Mediterranean diet, metabolic syndrome, diabetic health, generational effects, epigenetics, glycemic control, ketogenic diet, antioxidant effects, the use of olive oil in protection against skin cancer, oleuropein and ERK1/2 MAP-Kinase, oleocanthal and estrogen receptors, and oleocanthal and neurological effects. The book is a valuable resource for food and health researchers, nutritionists, dieticians, pharmacologists, public health scientists, epidemiologists, food technologists, agronomists, analytical chemists, biochemists, biologists, physicians, biotechnologists and students.

The nanosciences are a rapidly expanding field of research with a wide applicability to all areas of health and disease prevention. This book, covers the regulation of nanomedicine, nanotubes, topical applications of nanoparticles, nanocrystals, antioxidant nanoparticles, lipid nanocapsules, nanotheragnostic colloids, nanotechnology in the control of infectious disease, virus-based nanoparticles and the safety of nanoparticles. It also covers nanomedicine in relation to pulmonary drug delivery, the control of infectious disease, radiation protection, arthritis, cancer nanomedicine, blood diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and tissue and implant engineering.

Treatments, Nutraceuticals, Supplements and Herbal Medicine in Neurological Disorders offers readers a comprehensive reference on their potential for treatment in a wide variety of neurological diseases. Spanning various types of these compounds, this broad coverage allows readers to learn about the use of nutraceuticals and botanicals alone, or in combination with, other dietary regimes and/or vitamins and minerals. It covers diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, ALS and MS, and severe neurological conditions including brain injury, stroke, headache and migraine. This volume provides a platform for research on nutraceuticals and botanical agents and on future investigations of these compounds. There are over 600 neurological disorders affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, some of which have been treated by nutraceuticals and herbal medicine, hence this is a timely resource on the topics covered.

Stem cells potentially offer a novel therapeutic platform to treat bone disease. They also help the scientist understand the molecular and cellular aetiology of bone disorders. Gaining knowledge on the nature and application of stem cell sciences is a prerequisite for understanding their potential in treating or preventing bone disorders. Stem Cells and Bone Tissue is designed to address these areas in three sections: Introductory Text and Sources of Stem Cells for Skeletal Tissue Cellular and Molecular Aspects Conditions, Applications, Treatments and Repairs Coverage includes general aspects of stems cells, sources of stems cells, isolation and purification, applications in regeneration, nanoscale topography, myostatin (GDF-8) signalling, c-Jun, Lnk, cell-derived Factor 1/CXCR4, chromatin remodelling, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, hypophosphatasia, osteopetrosis, osteogenesis, and many other areas of merit too numerous to mention.